Jornal Do Brasilia - More Brazil Supreme Court judges vote on Indigenous land rights case

There are 11 judges in total, which left five still to vote in the case that the Supreme Court began hearing in 2021, but which has been adjourned several times.

The court, meeting in the capital Brasilia, is weighing the legality of the so-called "time-frame argument," which holds that native peoples should not have the right to lands where they were not present in 1988, when the current constitution was ratified.

Indigenous groups say that violates their rights, given that many were forced from their ancestral lands, including during the military dictatorship that ruled Brazil from the 1960s to 1980s.

One of the judges who voted against the measure, Cristiano Zann, said that "no type of 'time-frame' can be imposed to the detriment of the Indigenous people."

He said Indigenous peoples benefit "from their exclusive possession since the empire, from 1734."

Climate campaigners have joined native activists in pressing for the court to reject the time-frame argument, given that numerous studies have found that protected Indigenous reservations are one of the best ways to fight deforestation and, with it, global warming.

"The argument ignores our constitutional rights to our ancestral lands, puts existing Indigenous reservations at risk and makes creating new ones unviable," Dinamam Tuxa, coordinator of the Association of Brazil's Indigenous Peoples (APIB), told AFP ahead of the proceeding.

Indigenous rights groups have dubbed the case the "trial of the century."

The trial adjourned after the latest round of vote casting and is set to continue next week, when the remaining judges will vote.

A. Nunes--JDB