Jornal Do Brasilia - Los Angeles counts its growing homeless population

In the United States' second biggest city, the unhoused huddle by small fires, trying to keep warm on one of the coldest nights of the year.

Homelessness is "an intractable, stubborn issue that the politicians and agency leaders have not had the will to try to solve," 75-year-old Murase tells AFP.

Murase and his colleagues criss-cross the dozen-or-so roads they have been assigned as part of a three-day effort to count the number of people living on the streets.

Figures from 2020 -- the last time the survey was carried out -- showed Los Angeles city alone had more than 66,000 homeless people, up more than 13 percent from the year before.

Everyone expects this year's number to be much higher.

"During Covid there were so many jobs that were lost, you know, restaurant workers or laborers," says Murase.

"A lot of these people were unable to pay rent for maybe two, three months. They get kicked out and they have no family or other relatives to go to and they end up on the street.

"I think there is a misconception that they're mostly criminals, or addicts, or mentally ill people.

"There's a large number of people with those conditions, but there are (also) families, children."

- Tourists shocked -

Visitors to Los Angeles often express shock at the sheer number of people living on the streets of one of the wealthiest cities in the wealthiest state of the wealthiest nation on the planet.

Tents and tarpaulin shelters clump next to Hollywood tourist spots, or string out along embankments next to the city's freeways.

Rusting mobile homes with broken windows line the roads of Venice Beach, where multi-million dollar houses glower down at them.

Obviously ill people wander through traffic, railing at unseen demons, or picking at their grimy clothes as they mutter into greasy beards.

Others rummage through trash cans, or lie dazed on thoroughfares, the smell of urine a fug that pedestrians pick their way distastefully around.

Some of the unhoused are new to the streets, victims of the pandemic economic crush, but others have been there for years.

"I've lived downtown for about like seven, eight years. And it's always been an issue seeing people on the street," says Kimberly Briggs, who is volunteering alongside Murase.

"I just want to participate in something that helps bring resolution to this problem, because there is suffering on the streets and housing is a human right."

The count is a federal government requirement that will help to determine grants to the local organizations trying to fix the unfixable.

Volunteers are instructed not to interact with people; rather they must simply document what they see.

The survey Murase and Briggs are doing takes them between warehouses ripe with spices whose heady scents mingle with the smell of cannabis.

Many of the streets appear deserted, though there is evidence of people: here, the carapace of a campervan; there, plastic sheets stretched between shopping carts to form a rudimentary tent.

A closer look at a darkened area reveals a human form lying against a brick wall, almost camouflaged by the head-to-toe blanket that covers him or her.

Briggs carefully logs their presence in a special app on her phone, and the team walks on.

An occasional "good evening" comes from some of those trying to settle in for the night, but most -- like the man who sits blankly in his wheelchair -- ignore the census-takers.

- Trash and rats -

Homelessness comes easy in the United States, where the welfare safety nets of other developed countries are largely absent, and the uninsured or under-insured can be a hospital bill away from a missing rent check and the resulting eviction.

In California that problem is exacerbated by skyrocketing real estate prices that have pushed the average purchase price of a home to around $700,000 -- twice the national figure.

Before the pandemic, experts calculated that a person earning minimum wage would have to work 80 hours a week just to afford the rent on a one-bedroom apartment in Los Angeles.

To be able to pay for food and bills, they would have to work even longer.

On Skid Row, the flickering campfires fueled by scraps of trash cast shadows on the walls, revealing the occasional rat scurrying from one hiding place to another.

Less than a mile away, ritzy apartment buildings and office towers gleam silently into the night sky.

"Look at all the private developers that are building all these tall buildings in Downtown LA," splutters Murase.

"What we need in the city is more affordable housing, and more services. That's what we should be spending our dollars on.

"Let's treat people as human beings."

S. dos Reis--JDB