Jornal Do Brasilia - BBC caught in crossfire of polarised political and media landscape

The BBC is regularly used as political football, with the organisation facing flak for how it chooses to cover issues from climate change to Brexit.

Now it is under greater scrutiny than ever before, following the revelation that a documentary it aired last year misleadingly edited a speech by US President Donald Trump.

Trump has issued an unprecedented threat to sue over the documentary, which was broadcast before the US presidential ballot and examined why US voters were prepared to re-elect a convicted felon.

In the former constituency of ex-prime minister Boris Johnson, a vocal critic of the BBC, one pensioner questioned by AFP appeared torn between her attachment to the BBC and its struggles sometimes to fulfil its public service duty when it comes to the news.

"I don't want to get rid of the BBC... but I think they have been biased on a lot of things," said Sandra Madden, a resident of Uxbridge, west London.

The octogenarian retiree said the editing of Trump's speech -- which gave the impression he made a direct call for violence before his supporters attacked the Capitol in January 2021 -- was "really the straw that broke the camel's back".

It showed that the BBC was "too left-wing", she concluded.

The public broadcaster nevertheless remains the most popular UK news source, according to the latest figures published by media watchdog Ofcom.

- 'Weaponised' -

Around half of Britons have a positive opinion of the BBC, compared to 29 percent who hold a negative view, according to a YouGov poll published this week.

While 31 percent said it was too left-wing, 19 percent said it was too right-wing.

BBC chairman Samir Shah this week defended the organisation's "sacred job" of upholding impartiality and the truth.

On hot-button issues like immigration, transgender rights, Gaza or the rise of the far-right, the BBC finds itself caught in the crossfire of different ideological camps.

The BBC "has been weaponised by people who want to use it as an example (in their view) of the world going too far in one direction", said Lee Edwards, professor at the Department of Media and Communications at London School of Economics (LSE).

In a parliamentary debate this week, Conservative lawmakers led the charge attacking the BBC.

Oliver Dowden accused it of being "obsessed" with liberal and urban issues, while Nigel Huddleston slammed it for "seeking inclusivity and diversity" in "every area".

But centrist MP Anna Sabine from the Liberal Democrats said the BBC was vital in fending off "dangerous misinformation and conspiracy theories that populists like... Donald Trump trade on".

- 'Expectations' -

And the BBC's international World Service, described as a "light on the hill" by Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy, reaches more than 318 million people around the globe every week.

The World Service is "an absolute lifesaver" in some countries, said 78-year-old writer Jennifer Kavanagh.

"The BBC has always been attacked from the right and from the left," Kavanagh told AFP in central London this week after the Trump speech edit led to the resignation of two top BBC executives.

"It's important not to exaggerate the collapse of public faith in the BBC," insisted Dan Hind, an author focusing on media and democracy.

But he said more and more people, including young people, were "slipping outside the zone of the BBC influence", as a result of growing "distrust" in its content and reliance on social media for information.

Robin Scott, another penisoner in Uxbridge, said she no longer relies on the BBC, and instead watches GB News -- a right-wing commercial rival to the BBC where anti-immigration Reform UK party leader Nigel Farage regularly presents a show.

"They talk about things... that you never see talked about on the BBC," said Scott.

The BBC "struggles to compete with these platforms because it's just not sensational, tries to be sober, it tries to be balanced, it tries to be accurate", said Hind.

In contrast, "a lot of very extreme political ideas are becoming much more easily accessible" on less-regulated platforms on social media, often originating in the United States where the discrediting of traditional media has worsened under Trump, he explained.

Since people have a "certain expectation" of the broadcaster, "when you have events like the Trump speech or the debates around the coverage of the Gaza war, those things are perhaps more existential" for the BBC, said LSE professor Edwards.

L. Dias--JDB