Jornal Do Brasilia - EU to limit children's access to social media -- gradually

The European Union has been mulling a social media ban since a push by EU states, inclouding Greece and France, for limiting access, with pressure intensifying for a bloc-wide ban like Australia.

To help the EU take decisions based on evidence, von der Leyen tasked an expert panel of doctors, academics, youth representatives and parents to advise the bloc. They delivered their recommendations Monday.

"What we already have is a consensus that there needs to be a start date for the age children can join social media," von der Leyen said, calling for "age-appropriate restrictions".

"This is not about whether children can access social media. It is about whether and when social media can access our children," she said.

A legal proposal will come in the second half of the year, von der Leyen added.

"We need to consider a phased and gradual access for different age ranges," she said.

The experts' report offered a glimpse of how that could look as they recommended:

-- No screens at all for babies and toddlers;

-- Supervised use of "age-appropriate social media" and devices children aged between three and 12;

-- For those aged 13 to 18, "evolving autonomous use" of social media and other digital platforms that have "key safety features".

Platforms "must prove that their services do no harm. In Europe, whoever develops a product is responsible for its safety", von der Leyen said.

"An entire ecosystem around children has to change. But we do not have time. Children and adolescents are facing serious risks right now," one of the panel's co-chairs Jorg Fegert said, standing beside von der Leyen.

The report did not recommend a blanket ban on digital platforms including social media, and von der Leyen did not back such a move.

The EU has ramped up the pressure on social media platforms to change in recent months, telling Facebook and Instagram Friday to dismantle their "addictive" features, after a similar warning to TikTok in February.

- Targeting harmful design -

A dilemma for the EU is how to avoid different age limits across 27 countries. For example, Spain wants to ban under-16s accessing social networks, while France proposes prohibiting children aged 15 and under.

And then there are EU nations such as Estonia that oppose a ban.

Von der Leyen said the European Commission, the EU's executive arm, would "have a very careful look" at the national proposals.

The EU will "integrate" their work, she said, and then prepare its own proposal to "harmonise the approach and to find a common solution".

The EU already has a bolstered armoury to rein in Big Tech and protect users online, and the commission has said more rules are on the way.

EU consumer protection chief Michael McGrath vowed a new law, expected later this year, will give children stronger protection against addictive design.

"Digital markets are designed to capture attention and influence behaviour. The new rules will help ensure consumers can make informed choices free from manipulation," McGrath said in a statement to AFP.

G. Pires--JDB